A

Pulmonary hypertension reflects the severity of pulmonary vascular hypoplasia and is the principal driver of cardiorespiratory failure in babies with congenital diaphragmatic hernia; its presence and severity correlate most strongly with mortality, exceeding the predictive value of hernia size, surgical timing, or gestational age [Dao et al., 2020, PMID 32168302; Pierro & Thébaud, 2014, PMID 25456753].