A

Protease-inhibitor antiretrovirals (e.g., ritonavir, lopinavir) are very strong CYP3A4 and P-gp inhibitors; when they are given with chloroquine they markedly raise chloroquine plasma exposure, thereby increasing retinal accumulation and the likelihood of chloroquine-related maculopathy, whereas reverse-transcriptase, integrase- or entry-blocker drugs have little or no such boosting effect [von Moltke 1998, PMID 9549640; Holmstock 2012, PMID 22550269].