B

John Graunt’s pioneering 1662 analysis of London’s Bills of Mortality laid the foundations of vital statistics and modern statistical reasoning, earning him the title “father of statistics.” The other figures are better known respectively as the father of epidemiology (John Snow), a leader in modern epidemiology (Brian MacMahon), and editor of the Dictionary of Epidemiology (John M. Last) [Connor, 2024, PMID 35167377].