D

One-way ANOVA is designed to compare the mean value of a continuous variable (height) across three or more independent groups; it tests whether at least one group mean differs significantly from the others. Student’s or paired t-tests are limited to two-group comparisons, and the χ² test is for categorical data, not continuous measurements. Studies examining height differences across socio-economic categories routinely use one-way ANOVA for this purpose [Gültekin, 2006, PMID 16500810].